Aircraft

Operating Parameters

Defaults loaded from preset — adjust freely. Flights/day and DOD are simulation inputs, not manufacturer specifications.

Nominal Range100 mi

Certified range at 100% SOH

Flights per Day8

Commercial ops typically 6–12

Depth of Discharge20%

Short hopFull range

~20 mi avg mission

Ambient Temperature

Cell Chemistry

Simulation Horizon

Years5 yr

Model Sources

Calendar aging: SEI growth model (√t, Arrhenius). Cycle aging: empirical DOD+temperature fit. Calibrated against CMU eVTOL Battery Dataset (Bills et al. 2023, 21,392 NCA cycles). Uncertainty bands: ±18% on total fade.

For scenario planning only — not a certification tool.

Battery Degradation Modeller

Capacity fade & range impact over service life

SOH > 80% at horizon

Joby S4·Joby Aviation·FAA G-1 basis

Joby claims 10,000 flight cycle life at typical short-hop DOD (~20%). 288 Wh/kg cell energy density officially disclosed.

Pack

undisclosed

Cell density

288 Wh/kg

State of Health (SOH)

% capacity remaining vs new

Available Range

miles, degraded from certified maximum

Summary

SOH at Horizon

90.6%

EOL not reached (>80%)

Range at EOL

91 mi

−9 mi from certified

Total Flight Cycles

14,600

at 5yr horizon

Cycles / Day

2,920 / year

Degradation Source (at EOL)

67.2% calendar aging32.8% cycle aging

High calendar % → store at lower SOC, cool temps. High cycle % → reduce DOD per flight.

Operating Scenario

Avg mission

20 mi

(20% DOD)

Temperature

25°C

Chemistry

NMC811

Model: empirical SEI-growth calendar aging + cycle aging (DOD/temperature fit). Calibrated against CMU eVTOL Battery Dataset (Bills et al., Scientific Data 2023). Uncertainty bands ±18% reflect spread in the published dataset. For scenario planning only — not a certification tool.